Coronvirus desies and its consequences have caused concern among various segments of society. In particular, the change in teaching methods from online to face-to-face training and the damage caused by this process in some cases has made this educational process difficult. Thus, identifying STUDENTS' concerns and understanding the predictions of anxiety in the reopening of educational institutions will allow us to address the roots of this factor after the Corona epidemic and the reopening of SCHOOLS.. This research is a qualitative research and content analysis and its statistical population is HIGH school STUDENTS in Tehran at the time of reopening of SCHOOLS after the Corona epidemic. From this statistical population, 40 male and female subjects who met the research criteria were selected. After interviewing the subjects and analyzing them, sub-themes and main themes have been identified and classified.

Introduction: The study of personality characteristics of STUDENTS has always been considered important to pedagogic system’s specialists, consultants, psychologists and mental health professionals. SCHOOLS and their media have great impact on the development of the STUDENTS’ personality. The present study was designed to evaluate possible personality differences between STUDENTS of gifted HIGH SCHOOLS and STUDENTS of ordinary HIGH SCHOOLS.Methods and Materials: Two hundred STUDENTS (97 gifted and 103 ordinary) in their third year of HIGH school in Shiraz participated in this study.  They were assessed using NEOPI-R (NEO Personality Inventory-Revised) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The results show that STUDENTS of gifted SCHOOLS obtained HIGHer scores on the openness to experiences domain of NEO PI-R and had lower scores in the agreeableness domain when compared to STUDENTS of ordinary SCHOOLS. Female subjects had HIGHer scores in the agreeableness domain as compared to male subjects.Conclusion: The results show that STUDENTS from gifted SCHOOLS have better mental health condition when compared with STUDENTS from ordinary HIGH SCHOOLS. The findings suggest that STUDENTS attending gifted HIGH SCHOOLS have different personality characteristics and mental health conditions when compared with ordinary HIGH school STUDENTS.

Fostering critical thinking among senior HIGH school STUDENTS in Colombia has been an unfulfilled goal. This undesirable situation has multiple causes: “critical thinking” has become a mere slogan and its meaning and scope have not been clearly specified despite being widely used in the different levels of the education system. Furthermore, the strategies designed to teach critical thinking lack creativity, reinforce rote learning and the sheer repetition of logic rules besides misallocating the goal of reasoning and argumentation by focusing only on rhetorical persuasion. Textbooks and core literature in critical thinking suggest that a critical thinker is someone who always has plenty of arguments to defend her beliefs besides being ready to address even destructive criticism. By contrast, critical rationalism emphasizes the importance of a humble approach, acknowledges error, and portrays a critical thinker as someone who is ready to test her most beloved theories against experience and to reject them in the light of the facts that contradict her beliefs and certainties. We consider that a pedagogical approach enriched with fallibilism might be central for a better education and endorse these views with the results of a case study conducted in Manizales, Colombia, which shows that teaching the basics of logic and argumentation by using the central tenets of critical rationalism fosters critical thinking among senior HIGH school STUDENTS

This research was aimed at a survey on the level of life skills among junior HIGH school and HIGH school STUDENTS in Kurdistan Province. The population of the research consisted of all the boy and girl STUDENTS of Kurdistan’s junior HIGH SCHOOLS and HIGH SCHOOLS out of which 700 from Saghez, Baneh, and Marivan were selected through cluster random sampling. Research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose reliability was calculated through Cronbach a (a=0.90) and whose content validity was analyzed and approved through expert opinions. This questionnaire was comprised of 5 skills of decision-making, human relation, world citizenship, responsible citizenship, and problem-solving. Data analysis indicated that the level of life skill among the participants was resulted to be medium (based on the index of 50%). Among the life skills, the HIGHest level was related to decision-making and problem-solving. The lowest level was related to human relation. Their level of world citizenship and responsible citizenship was also at the middle between these two skills. This level was more among girls than among boys.The interactional effect of parents’ education on the amount of life skill was not significant. There was a significant difference between the field of study and all the skills except human relation. Moreover, there was a significant difference between skills of decision-making and responsible citizenship among the STUDENTS in junior HIGH SCHOOLS and HIGH SCHOOLS. No meaningful difference was found among other skills.

Background: Colorblindness is a kind of disorder in perception of color which is x- linked and congenital and it is seen mostly in men. The aim of this study is determining incidence of color blindness in Urmia HIGH SCHOOLS STUDENTS.Methods: This is a cross-sectional and perspective study. Two thousands boy and girl HIGH school STUDENTS underwent study. All of STUDENTS were screened by color vision test in natural light. For every color vision defects cases were completed a questionnaire containing sex, familial marriage of parents and relationship of familial marriage of parents. Data collected analyzed by using Excel software.Results: From 2000 STUDENTS (1000 for boys and 1000 for girls) which were examined, 40 STUDENTS of them (2%) were color blind, which 36 of them (3.6%) were boys and 4 of them (0.4%) were girls. Out of all kinds of colorblindness, 25 STUDENTS (1.25%) were total, 13 STUDENTS (0.65%) were Deutan and 2 STUDENTS (0.1%) were protan. Also, the parents of 5 STUDENTS out of 40 color blind (12.5%) had familial marriage that colorblindness of 4 STUDENTS (10%) were Total, and was 1 student was Deutan (2.5%). 87.5% of them had no familial marriage.Conclusion: Although, there are difference between color blindness prevalence reported from various areas of world and results of this study but there is a similar between all of reports and results of this study.

Ego identity defined as a fundamental element of a person and as self-continuum, mental and inward image that an individual has about him or herself. This subject investigated in contemporary world, amply. For actualizing and testing this concept, four bases including achievement, moratorium, foreclosure and diffusion introduced and based on this framework, and the effect of different factors on ego identity of individuals assessed and evaluated. In the study, the effect of school architecture on STUDENTS’ ego identity formation in HIGH school investigated. For this purpose that AISS1 questionnaire has been used, in which, in SCHOOLS of Iran is used for evaluation of ego identity, moreover its reliability and validity for Iran’s SCHOOLS has been verified. In addition, for evaluation the effect of architecture on identity formation, intervention factors decreased to their minimum level in order to one could evaluate just the effect of architectural environment. It is important to note that results of filling 600 questionnaires from seven SCHOOLS in two types of architectures, i.e., traditional and modern, have been compared. According to mentioned states, in this article the effect of environmental architecture on identity formation of HIGH school STUDENTS in Yazd and Tehran provinces is determined. This subject has evaluated and compared in two types of architecture environments: modern and traditional. For completion of this work, effective architecture components on ego identity formation in traditional and modern SCHOOLS will introduce.

Introduction: The vital role of reproductive health in different aspects of human health and socio-economic development of the community on the one hand, and male teenagers’ knowledge about it on the other hand, necessitate priority setting and programming of health education. This study is conducted to investigate reproductive health knowledge level of male HIGH school STUDENTS in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In this cross-section study, 360 HIGH school male STUDENTS studying in Shiraz HIGH SCHOOLS were randomly selected, using cluster sampling technique. All STUDENTS completed a pre-designed questionnaire and the results were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: STUDENTS’ knowledge regarding some items such as proper age for marriage of girls and the best age for pregnancy, was very good, but regarding some other information, such as contraception methods, the knowledge scores were very low and unacceptable. Among male contraception methods, condom was the most well known method, but, the female contraception methods were more familiar for them. Regarding sexually transmitted diseases, the STUDENTS’ knowledge scores were low.Conclusion: In spite of acceptable knowledge of the STUDENTS about some aspects of reproductive health, education programs, especially about sexually transmitted diseases are necessary.

Background: Currently there is no effective vaccine and treatment for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Therefore, the only effective measure, is to increase the knowledge of young people on this disease particularly, about the modes of its transmission. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed about the degree of awareness of the STUDENTS about AIDS in Yazd, during the academic year of 2000-2001 of Iranian calendar. The population study was selected by a cluster sampling from 400 STUDENTS including equal number of boys and girls. The STUDENTS were studying in different fields (experimental science, humanitarian science, physics, mathematical and industrial sciences). Data was collected by a 23-item questionnaire on the awareness of STUDENTS about the AIDS. Chi-square test was used to analyze data by SPSS version 10. Findings: In this study, 24.2% of subjects had inadequate knowledge, 51.8% had intermediate knowledge, and 23% had adequate knowledge. The HIGHer mean was related to the STUDENTS of physic & mathematic and the lower mean belonged to the STUDENTS of industrial science. The mean value for boys was greater than the girls, and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.009). Knowledge of STUDENTS of physics and mathematic also was significantly more than the others (p=0.015). Conclusion: Overall knowledge of HIGH school STUDENTS about ATDS was low. Television was the most common source of information for both sexes in all fields of study. The friends of STUDENTS were the second most common source, while the health providers had the least contribution in this regard. The STUDENTS of physics and mathematics more frequently used books and papers to acquire knowledge on AIDS, however, the STUDENTS of arts and humanitarian sciences used printed materials very rarely.

Introduction: Adolescence is a sensitive and HIGH-risk period in life which may turn people into drug use and addiction. However, modification of people's attitude towards drugs is an effective way of preventing addiction. Therefore, this hypothesis can be suggested that modifying the attitude of adolescent towards drug could be effective in preventing drug addiction in a society. However, prior to modifying adolescents’ attitude towards addiction, it is important to understand their attitude in the first place. This study investigates the tendency of HIGH school STUDENTS in Marivan to addiction. Method: The study was a cross-sectional survey. Using cluster random sampling, 385 public HIGH school STUDENTS studying in the first, second and third grad were selected. After omitting the incomplete questionnaires, 367 questionnaires were analyzed. Findings: According to the descriptive findings, 60. 35% of STUDENTS were male and 39. 65 percent were female. 33. 5 percent of STUDENTS studied in the first year of HIGH school, 30 percent in the second year of HIGH school and of 33. 5 percent studied in the third year of HIGH school. The correlation between the "commitment" and “ drug addiction tendencies” variables among STUDENTS after controlling other independent variables (consistency, involvement and belief) decreased from (-0/471) to (-0/394). Also, the correlation of the "involvement" variables after controlling other independent variables (commitment, consistency and belief) decreased from (-0/139) to (-0/118). The partial correlation between belief and consistency with the dependent variable (the tendency to drug use), was respectively,-0. 097 and-0. 076. Multivariate regression analysis showed that multiple correlation of four variables (commitment, involvement, consistency and belief), with “ tendency to drug use” was 0. 532 (0. 532 = R). The amount of the adjusted coefficient (R² Adj. ) showed that 28. 1% of the changes in drug use tendency were predicted by the variables of commitment, involvement, consistency and belief. In addition, the value of F test (13. 661) and the significance level (0. 001) shows that the model is significant at 0. 99%. Discussion: The findings of this study, confirms the foundations and underlying assumptions of Hirsch’ s social bonding theory. Thus, the components of "commitment", "consistency", "belief" and "involvement" have an impact on delinquency and deviation (the tendency to consume drugs in this study) and are inversely correlated to it. The greater the amount of commitment, involvement, consistency and belief among STUDENTS are, the lower is their tendency to drug use.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the sense of belonging to the school, the perception of the school atmosphere and the academic vitality of elementary school boys in non-profit and normal SCHOOLS in Qain city. Method: The method of this research was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of this research included all elementary STUDENTS of non-profit and normal SCHOOLS in Qain city in the academic year of 2023-2024. From among the statistical population, 114 STUDENTS (57 regular STUDENTS and 57 male STUDENTS from non-profit SCHOOLS) were selected as the research sample using available sampling method. In order to collect research data, Barry, Betty and Watt (2004) School Belonging Questionnaire, Reddy and Rhodes (2007) Perception of School Atmosphere Questionnaire and Martin and Marsh (2008) Academic Vitality Questionnaire were used. In order to analyze the research data, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. Findings: The results of the research data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the variables of feeling of belonging to school, perception of school atmosphere and academic vitality in non-profit and normal school STUDENTS (p<0.005). In other words, the sense of belonging to the school, the perception of the school atmosphere, and the academic vitality of non-profit STUDENTS are more than the STUDENTS of normal SCHOOLS.Conclusion:The results of this research showed that the scores of normal STUDENTS in the studied variables are lower than those of non-profit STUDENTS, so normal SCHOOLS should provide training to strengthen academic variables